The climatic phenomenon of El Nigno, coupled with the consequences of climate change, had an increased effect on the temperature of the sea water. This opinion is held by the director of the Institute of Marines at the Middle Eastern Technical University (ODTü) in Istanbul, Professor Barysh Salihoglu.
According to the definition of the World Health Organization, the El -Nigno phenomenon is the southern oscillation (Enyuk) is one of the most important factors of the annual global variability of the climate, inferior only by the state of the Earth regarding the sun that causes the alternation of the seasons. The characteristic patterns of changes in temperature and precipitation are connected with El-Nigno and its opposite phase of La-Ninia, sometimes leading to such extreme phenomena as floods and droughts.
“El-Nigno” affects many regions of the Earth, but most intensively affect the conditions in the tropics, including in some countries and areas of Africa, Latin America, South and Southeast Asia, which are most affected by hazardous natural phenomena.
Changing the climatic conditions, El-Nigno can have serious negative consequences for such key determinants of health as food safety, quality of air and water resources, the state of ecosystems and the safety of healthcare infrastructure.
According to the European Copernicus Copperic Climate Changes, of the first ten months, during which the global temperature of the sea surface was higher than the average value for 1991-2020, nine had been for the last period of El-Nino, and one on El-Nigno period in 2016.
months with the highest temperature higher than the average and the temperature difference are below:
year/month
The difference in temperature (compared with 1991-2020, Celsius degrees)
2023/09
0.93
2023/11
0.85
2023/10
0.85
2024/02
0.80
2024/03
0.72
2023/07
0.72
2023/08
0.70
2024/01
0.69
2016/02
0.68
2024/04
0.66
According to the analysis of the Institute of Marine Sciences at ODTü, the average temperature of sea water in the Mediterranean Sea during the El Nino period, which began in June last year and ended in April of this year, amounted to 23.06 degrees Celsius.
In the previous period, El-Nigno, (2014-2016) This figure was 21.04, in 1997-1998-20.98, in 1982-1983-20.25 degrees Celsius
The temperature of the sea water in the Aegean during the last El-Neno was 19.97 degrees, in 2014-2016-18.11 degrees, in 1997-1998 -18.03 degrees, and in 1982-1983 years- 17.51 degrees. In the Sea, the indicators were 17.21 degrees, 14.72 degrees, 15.18 degrees and 15.10 degrees, respectively. In the Black Sea during the last El Nigno, the water temperature was 17.36 degrees, and in previous periods -14.47, 15.10 and 14.67 degrees Celsius.